BIOACTIVE COMPOUNDS AND EVALUATION OF THE ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF CALYXES AND LEAVES OF HIBISCUS SABDARIFFA LINN

Abstract

Introduction: Worldwide, Hibiscus sabdariffa is recognized for its multiple health benefits thanks to its bioactive compound content, representing an alternative in the treatment of chronic and degenerative diseases. Objectives: The objective of the study was to compare the concentration of total phenols, flavonoids, presence of anthocyanins and antioxidant capacity in aqueous extracts of calyxes and leaves commercialized in popular markets in the city of Maracay, Venezuela. Methods: Extractions of bioactive compounds in each plant material were performed in triplicate and under the same conditions. The Follin-Ciocalteu method, Marinova method and differential pH method for anthocyanins were used to determine total phenols. The antioxidant activity was evaluated by DPPH, FRAP and ABTS methods. Results: A statistically significant difference was found in the concentration of total phenols, flavonoids and presence of anthocyanins in calyxes and leaves (p≤0.05). The antioxidant activity was higher in calyxes in all methods used and with statistical difference compared to leaves (p≤0.05). Conclusions: Although calyxes are frequently consumed in hot and cold beverages, leaves also represent a source of compounds with antioxidant capacity, which could be incorporated into the daily diet.